13 February 2025

In programming, if, elif, and else are conditional statements used to execute specific blocks of code based on whether certain conditions are met. Here's a breakdown of each:

1. if statements: 
This checks if a conditional is true. if the condition evalutes to true, the code inside the if block is executed.
Syntax : 
if condition:
   # code to execute if condition is true

2. elif statement:
This stands for "else if". it's used when you want to check multiple conditions. if the condition in the if statementis false, Python will check the elif condition.
Syntax :
if condition:
   # code to execute if condition is true
elif another_condition:
   # code to execute if another_condition is true
    
3. else statement : This is the default block. if none of the if or elif conditions are true, the code inside the else block will be executed.
Syntax :
if condition:
   # code to execute if condition is true
elif another_condition:
   # code to execute if another_condition is true
else:
   # code to execute if no previous conditions were true

Example:
age = 20

if age < 18:
   print("You are a minor.")
elif age >= 18 and age < 60:
   print("You are an adult.")
else:
   print("You are a senior citizen.")

In this example:
- If age is less than 18, it prints "You are a minor."
- If age is between 18 and 59, it prints "You are an adult."
- If none of the above conditions are true (i.e.,age is 60 or more), it prints "You are a senior citizen."