PHP
1. Introduction of PHP & PHP MySQL Server
- PHP Overview:
 PHP is a widely-used open-source scripting language designed for web development but can also function as a general-purpose language. It embeds directly into HTML, making it easy to create dynamic content.
 Example:
php
code Example
<?php 
echo "Hello, World!"; 
?>
- MySQL Server:
 MySQL is a relational database management system. When paired with PHP, they enable CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, Delete) efficiently. The PHP-MySQL combination is the foundation for many web apps, such as WordPress and e-commerce systems.
2. Control Structures in PHP
- PHP supports various control structures, enabling decision-making and iterative logic.
 Example of if and for loop:
php
code Example
$number = 10; 
if ($number > 5) { 
    echo "Number is greater than 5"; 
} 
for ($i = 0; $i < 5; $i++) { 
    echo "Iteration: $i<br>"; 
}
3. Working with Array and String Functions
- Array Functions:
 Arrays can be single-dimensional or multidimensional. Functions like array_push and array_search are commonly used.
 Example:
php
code Example
$colors = ["red", "blue", "green"]; 
array_push($colors, "yellow"); 
print_r($colors); // Outputs: ["red", "blue", "green", "yellow"]
- String Functions:
 Functions like strtoupper (to convert to uppercase), strpos (find substring), and explode (split string) help manipulate text.
 Example:
php
code Example
$string = "Learn PHP Programming"; 
echo strtoupper($string); // Outputs: LEARN PHP PROGRAMMING 
4. Database Connectivity with MySQL
- Connect PHP to MySQL using MySQLi or PDO.
 Example using MySQLi:
php
code Example
$conn = new mysqli("localhost", "username", "password", "database"); 
if ($conn->connect_error) { 
    die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error); 
} 
echo "Connected successfully"; 
5. Manage Admin Panel with Database Using OOP Concepts
- Using OOP, admin panels are structured for scalability and efficiency.
 Example: A class to manage users in an admin panel:
php
code Example
class User { 
    private $db; 
    public function __construct($db) { 
        $this->db = $db; 
    } 
    public function getUsers() { 
        $result = $this->db->query("SELECT * FROM users"); 
        return $result->fetch_all(MYSQLI_ASSOC); 
    } 
} 
6. Working with Files and Directories
- PHP allows creating, reading, and modifying files.
 Example of creating a file:
php
code Example
$file = fopen("test.txt", "w"); 
fwrite($file, "Hello, World!"); 
fclose($file); 
echo "File created!";
7. State Management
- Cookies: Store data on the client-side.
- Sessions: Store temporary data on the server-side for each user.
 Example:
php
code Example
session_start(); 
$_SESSION['user'] = "John Doe"; 
echo "Session data set!";
8. Introduction to jQuery/Ajax/JavaScript
- JavaScript adds interactivity to web pages (e.g., form validation).
- jQuery simplifies JavaScript tasks, offering concise syntax.
- AJAX enables background server requests without reloading the page.
9. Client-Side and Server-Side Validation
- Client-side: Basic validation to enhance user experience.
- Server-side: Essential for securing data and ensuring integrity.
10. Convert HTML File into PHP
- PHP embeds dynamic logic into HTML files.
 Example:
php
code Example
<html> 
<body> 
    <?php echo "Welcome to PHP"; ?> 
</body> 
</html> 
Laravel
1. Introduction to Laravel
- Laravel provides an elegant syntax for web development, offering features like routing, middleware, and ORM (Eloquent).
2. Laravel Installation
- Install Laravel via Composer:
bash
code Example
composer create-project laravel/laravel example-app 
3. Routing - MVC in Laravel
- Define routes in routes/web.php.
 Example:
php
code Example
Route::get('/welcome', function () { 
    return view('welcome'); 
}); 
4. Caching in Laravel
- Use caching to store data for quick access.
 Example:
php
code Example
Cache::put('key', 'value', 600); // Store data for 10 minutes 
echo Cache::get('key'); 
5. Event Subscribers in Laravel
- Event subscribers listen for application events and execute handlers.
6. Package Development
- Develop reusable packages to extend Laravel’s functionality.
7. Templates - Testing in Laravel
- Blade templates simplify creating layouts.
 Example:
blade
code Example
@if($user) 
    Welcome, {{ $user->name }}! 
@endif 
8. Database Configuration & Helper
- Configure .env for database connection:
env
code Example
DB_CONNECTION=mysql 
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1 
DB_PORT=3306 
DB_DATABASE=mydb 
DB_USERNAME=root 
DB_PASSWORD=secret 
9. Laravel Pagination & Security
- Built-in pagination makes it easy to handle large datasets.
10. Authentication Facade
- Laravel provides built-in authentication scaffolding.
11. Validation in Laravel - Eloquent ORM
- Laravel’s validation rules ensure input integrity.
12. Artisan Command-Line Interface
- Example: Create a model with Artisan:
bash
code Example
php artisan make:model Post -mcr 
13. Deploy Application Using Laravel
- Deploy Laravel apps using Forge, Vapor, or manually.
14. Payment Gateway Integration
- Integrate payment gateways like Stripe or PayPal for secure transactions.